https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/Open-source projects, and the thinking behind them.enhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-snapshots/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-snapshots/Walk through a local Git workflow: staging, partial commits, diff inspection, restoration, history rewriting, and ignore rules.Development toolsGitVersion controlhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-permissions/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-permissions/Read a full ls listing to understand numeric permissions, directory access, deletion, special bits, and practical troubleshooting.Systems and desktopsLinuxPermissionshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/login-and-session/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/login-and-session/Follow a login from authentication and session entries through environment setup, autostart, and logout to see how each layer hands off control.Systems and desktopsLinuxWaylandgreetduwsmhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/theme-nine-slice/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/theme-nine-slice/Connect Fcitx5 nine-slice assets, layout, and blur masks to Matugen colors and Nix runtime directories.Systems and desktopsFcitx5MatugenNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/declarative-and-state/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/declarative-and-state/From GNOME defaults and Home Manager activation to Flatpak's management scope, distinguish declarations, preferences, and data.Systems and desktopsNixOSHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-export/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-export/Walk through GUI and CLI exports, arguments, wrapper scripts, shared paths, troubleshooting, and removing exported entries.Containers and infrastructureDistroboxContainersTerminalhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/dataview-data-model/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/dataview-data-model/Start with YAML and inline fields, distinguish pages, tasks, and four output formats, then work through sources, conditions, sorting, and expressions.Knowledge managementObsidianDataviewhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/dataview-query-workflows/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/dataview-query-workflows/Build query pages around five practical questions, retain the full grouping and flattening process, and clarify time boundaries, task status, and missing fields.Knowledge managementObsidianDataviewhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/yazi-config-and-openers/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/yazi-config-and-openers/Move from configuration-file responsibilities to openers, matching rules, and key bindings, updating older examples for Yazi 26.9.1.Development toolsYaziTerminalhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/yazi-navigation-and-shell/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/yazi-navigation-and-shell/Distinguish finding, filtering, selection, and the file buffer to complete batch operations and pass the final directory back on exit.Development toolsYaziTerminalhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-rootless-boundaries/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-rootless-boundaries/Trace UID mappings through bind mounts, persistent data, and network boundaries to explain Podman's permission checks.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainersLinuxPermissionshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/quadlet-service-lifecycle/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/quadlet-service-lifecycle/Follow source files, systemd generation, startup verification, persistent data, and readiness checks, then diagnose service failures.Containers and infrastructurePodmanQuadletsystemdhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-introduction/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-introduction/Understand how NixOS works through configuration, build outputs, and generations.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-installation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-installation/Understand prerequisites and steps for both graphical and manual installation.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-configuration-basics/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-configuration-basics/Organize a system configuration around boot, networking, users, packages, and services.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-system-home-management/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-system-home-management/Separate the responsibilities of dependency entry points, system modules, user configuration, and project development environments.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-cli-guide/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-cli-guide/Distinguish commands for system activation, user profiles, temporary environments, and garbage collection.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-generations/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-generations/Understand the generation lifecycle through inspection, activation, history removal, and storage reclamation.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-specialisation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nixos-specialisation/Declare variants under a base configuration and distinguish runtime activation from changes that require a reboot.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-system-model/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-system-model/Understand the NixOS system model through the store, profiles, and imperative tools.Development toolsLinuxNixOSNix languagehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-syntax/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-syntax/Learn common data types, attribute access, and the basics of writing configuration expressions.Development toolsLinuxNixOSNix languagehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-functions-scopes/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-functions-scopes/Identify where each variable comes from in let, inherit, with, and function parameters.Development toolsLinuxNixOSNix languagehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-attribute-merging/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-attribute-merging/Distinguish shallow merging in the language from the merging rules for NixOS module options.Development toolsLinuxNixOSNix languagehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-derivations/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-derivations/Trace the relationship between evaluation, building or downloading substitutes, and store outputs.Development toolsLinuxNixOSNix languagehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-schema/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-schema/Understand Flake inputs, outputs, self, and the levels involved in capturing function arguments.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-lock-determinism/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-lock-determinism/Record dependency sources with version locking while understanding the conditions for reproducible results.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-utils-templates/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-utils-templates/Generate outputs for multiple platforms and turn development environments into reusable templates.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-external-sources/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-external-sources/Connect external modules and packages, and check the relationships between dependency versions.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-system-migration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-system-migration/Create a Flake entry point from an existing configuration, then perform checks, builds, and activation separately.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-tutorial/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-tutorial/Work through Flake commands and project structure, from input syntax to multi-host organization.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-update-mechanics/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-update-mechanics/Distinguish input updates, package sets, system generations, and cache downloads.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-lock-rollback/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-flake-lock-rollback/Preserve existing changes before restoring the lock file, and distinguish dependency rollback from system-generation rollback.Development toolsLinuxFlakeshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-bootstrap/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-bootstrap/Compare standalone and NixOS module modes, then split user configuration into modules.Development toolsLinuxHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-shell-programs/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-shell-programs/Use modules to configure Zsh, Starship, and common command-line tools.Development toolsLinuxHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-desktop-themes/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-desktop-themes/Separate system-session and user-appearance responsibilities when configuring Hyprland, Plasma, and GTK.Development toolsLinuxHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-files-symlinks/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-files-symlinks/Use home.file and XDG file options to manage read-only configuration and directory links.Development toolsLinuxHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-secrets/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-secrets/Separate public configuration from private data using encrypted files and runtime paths.Development toolsLinuxHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-tutorial/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/home-manager-tutorial/A complete introduction to installation, program modules, dotfiles, services, and activation.Development toolsLinuxHome Managerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-file-operations/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-file-operations/Learn everyday file operations, from browsing and searching to links, archives, and disk-space queries.Development toolsLinuxCommand linehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-process-jobs/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-process-jobs/Understand program execution and termination through process snapshots, signals, and foreground and background jobs.Development toolsLinuxCommand linehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-text-system/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-text-system/Move from paged viewing and text filtering to queries about memory, disks, networks, and ports.Development toolsLinuxCommand linehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-shell/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-shell/Combine command-line tools with pipes, redirection, variables, and history operations.Development toolsLinuxCommand linehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-fzf/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-fzf/Turn lists of files, processes, branches, and history entries into interactive selection inputs.Development toolsLinuxCommand linehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-xargs/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-command-xargs/Convert standard input into command arguments while handling delimiters, placeholders, parallelism, and empty input.Development toolsLinuxCommand linehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/ssh-authentication-model/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/ssh-authentication-model/Distinguish user identity, server identity, and the limits of trust on first use.Development toolsLinuxSSHhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/ssh-agent-keyring/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/ssh-agent-keyring/Understand the separate roles of private-key file protection, the agent signing interface, and desktop keyrings.Development toolsLinuxSSHhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/ssh-usage-guide/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/ssh-usage-guide/Generate and manage keys, inspect client configuration, and debug authentication.Development toolsLinuxSSHhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/fish-interactive-workflow/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/fish-interactive-workflow/Cover Emacs and Vi bindings, completion, abbreviations, PATH, events, and prompt configuration.Development toolsLinuxTerminalFishhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/foot-terminal-controls/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/foot-terminal-controls/Distinguish keyboard modes, primary selection, font size, and the configuration lifecycle, with a complete key-binding reference.Development toolsLinuxTerminalFootWaylandhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/zellij-session-lifecycle/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/zellij-session-lifecycle/Move from panes and tabs to sessions, distinguishing reconnection, layout restoration, and process state.Development toolsLinuxTerminalZellijhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-gui-input-stack/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/linux-gui-input-stack/Separate the communication and rendering responsibilities of toolkits, windowing protocols, compositors, the shell, and Fcitx5.Systems and desktopsLinuxWaylandFcitx5Desktop environmentshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/hyprland-special-workspaces/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/hyprland-special-workspaces/Separate toggling, launching, and window matching to configure multiple named special workspaces in full.Systems and desktopsLinuxWaylandHyprlandDesktop environmentshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kde-plasma5-notes/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kde-plasma5-notes/Preserve the original configuration and tool references while clarifying older-version issues, session differences, and plugin compatibility.Systems and desktopsLinuxDesktop environmentsKDE PlasmaWaylandhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kde-plasma6-migration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kde-plasma6-migration/Preserve the original configuration and tool references while clarifying older-version issues, session differences, and plugin compatibility.Systems and desktopsLinuxDesktop environmentsKDE PlasmaWaylandhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-philosophy-installation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-philosophy-installation/Understand pre-installation choices through rolling releases, boot modes, and storage planning.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch Linuxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-kernel-uki/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-kernel-uki/Combine the kernel, initramfs, and command line into a UKI, and understand the limits of signing and TPM measurement.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxBoot and startuphttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-package-aur/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-package-aur/Distinguish the roles of official repositories, AUR build scripts, and isolated environments in package-management automation.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxPackage managementhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-btrfs-snapper/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-btrfs-snapper/Define separate state boundaries for the system, user data, and logs, then configure a recoverable snapshot workflow.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxFilesystemshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-security-hardening/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-security-hardening/Combine disk encryption, boot verification, and runtime access control while retaining a recovery route for each layer.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxSecurityhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-performance-maintenance/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-performance-maintenance/Use measurements to choose kernels, compressed swap, and power management, and establish checks after rolling updates.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch Linuxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-pacman-commands/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-pacman-commands/Use the S, Q, R, and U operation groups to distinguish repository queries, local queries, removal, and local package installation.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxPackage managementhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-pacman-download/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-pacman-download/Locate download bottlenecks step by step through networking, mirror status, and parallel downloads.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxPackage managementhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-informant-hook/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-informant-hook/Flag unread Arch news before installation or upgrade transactions, with separate entry points for reading and configuration.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxPackage managementhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-install/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-install/Work through UEFI, Btrfs subvolumes, the base system, GRUB, and the archinstall installation process.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-desktop/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-desktop/Progress from desktop components and graphics and audio drivers to applications, input methods, shortcuts, and snapshots.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-laptop-theme/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-laptop-theme/Configure hybrid graphics, power, and hibernation, then adjust GNOME, Zsh, and terminal appearance.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-virtualization-games/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-virtualization-games/Set up virtual machines and device passthrough, and distinguish the runtime boundaries of Steam, Wine, and Waydroid.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-maintenance/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/arch-gnome-maintenance/Retain full operational details for compressed swap, kernel switching, system cleanup, and common desktop problems.Systems and desktopsLinuxArch LinuxGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-virtual-machines/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-virtual-machines/From a minimal configuration to GNOME and Sway, distinguish VM declarations from persistent disk state.Development toolsLinuxNixOSVirtualization and deploymenthttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-build-iso/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-build-iso/Customize software, graphical desktops, and bootable images through installation-media modules.Development toolsLinuxNixOSVirtualization and deploymenthttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-docker-images/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-docker-images/Manage application derivations, runtime closures, and container data state separately.Containers and infrastructureLinuxNixOSVirtualization and deploymenthttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-ssh-deployment/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-ssh-deployment/Distinguish local builds, temporary remote activation, persistent switching, and failure rollback.Development toolsLinuxNixOSVirtualization and deploymenthttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-terraform/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-terraform/Manage cloud resources with Terraform, then deploy NixOS system configuration through a controlled process.Development toolsLinuxNixOSVirtualization and deploymenthttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-environment-isolation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-deploy-environment-isolation/Choose between the host, Flatpak, Distrobox, virtual machines, and servers based on dependency and permission boundaries.Containers and infrastructureLinuxNixOSVirtualization and deploymenthttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-declarative-management/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-declarative-management/Organize desktop, login, theme, and input-method configuration responsibilities into module groups.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOSGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-module-options/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-module-options/Trace module source code to clarify desktop entry points, service switches, application groups, and exclusion mechanisms.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOSGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-gsettings-dconf/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-gsettings-dconf/Distinguish schema defaults, vendor overrides, and the user database to choose the right declarative interface.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOSGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-diff-export-extensions/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-diff-export-extensions/Export differences, verify schema keys and types, then declare packages and the enabled-extension list.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOSGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-specialisation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-specialisation/Derive independent system toplevels from the parent module graph, with clear inheritance, override, and recovery paths.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOSGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-wayland-session/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-gnome-wayland-session/Investigate the lifecycles of DRM handoff, systemd user sessions, and XDG autostart separately.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOSGNOME desktophttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ld-precompiled/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ld-precompiled/Start with an existing file that reports ENOENT, then connect ELF diagnostics, packaging fixes, and nix-ld configuration step by step.Development toolsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-direnv/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-direnv/Separate temporary tools, locked project environments, and automatic directory loading into three clear steps.Development toolsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-overlays/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-overlays/Adjust arguments and add patches to existing package definitions, then make the system actually consume the overlay.Development toolsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-gc-rollback/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-gc-rollback/Distinguish deleting generation references, reclaiming store objects, and switching to older system configurations.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-colmena/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-colmena/Organize node configurations with a hive and clarify the boundary between local builds and remote application.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-raspberry-pi/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-raspberry-pi/Move from SD images and first boot to board interfaces, common services, and maintenance on low-memory devices.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-best-practices/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-best-practices/Retain a complete working checklist for version control, module organization, update backups, secure development, and failure recovery.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-development-environments/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-development-environments/Retain complete configurations for Python, Node, Rust, Go, Java, C/C++, Haskell, databases, and Justfile.Development toolsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-python-qt/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-python-qt/Trace Python packages, system libraries, and plugin paths through Qt5Agg and PyPI wheel troubleshooting examples.Development toolsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-command-reference/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-command-reference/Retain new and legacy CLI commands, store operations, system installation, and Home Manager commands while clarifying easily confused flags.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-nh/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-nh/Cover nh commands, module options, specialisations, search, environment variables, and upstream contribution guidance.Systems and desktopsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-learning-roadmap/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/nix-ecosystem-learning-roadmap/Retain six learning modules, language ecosystems, and advanced resources, with clear prerequisites and progression.Development toolsLinuxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-model/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-model/Use snapshots, the object database, and references to understand what Git operations change.Development toolsGitVersion controlhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-branching/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-branching/Understand fast-forward and three-way merges, and use stash to manage unfinished work.Development toolsGitVersion controlhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-remotes/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-remotes/Distinguish refreshing references, updating local branches, and pushing to a fork.Development toolsGitVersion controlhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-advanced-tools/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-advanced-tools/Use rebase, cherry-pick, reflog, and bisect after understanding the boundaries of history rewriting.Development toolsGitVersion controlhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-recovery/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/git-recovery/Choose a recovery path based on the current operation and what data has been saved, without compounding data loss.Development toolsGitVersion controlhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-principles/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-principles/Understand the boundaries of encrypted version control, data keys, and authorization for multiple recipients.Development toolsSecuritySOPShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-nixos-integration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-nixos-integration/Connect encrypted source files, runtime secret files, and service dependencies.Development toolsSecuritySOPSNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-cli-workflow/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-cli-workflow/Edit encrypted files, inspect their status, and manage recipients and data keys.Development toolsSecuritySOPShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-configuration-templates/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-configuration-templates/Understand encryption rules, sops-nix configuration, and runtime placeholders field by field.Development toolsSecuritySOPSNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-key-migration-rotation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/sops-key-migration-rotation/Migrate keys through a two-recipient transition, distinguishing authorization updates from credential revocation.Development toolsSecuritySOPSNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-fundamentals/Distinguish Git, GitHub, and gh, then work through sign-in, forking, pushing, and creating a PR.Development toolsGitHubGitCollaborationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-repository-management/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-repository-management/Establish repository documentation, permissions, merge rules, and releases as a verifiable governance contract.Development toolsGitHubRepository governanceSecurityhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-contribution-workflow/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-contribution-workflow/Move from issues and branches through PR review and checks to synchronization and cleanup after merging.Development toolsGitHubGitCollaborationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-actions-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-actions-fundamentals/Understand events, workflows, jobs, runners, and steps, along with the distinct roles of matrices, caches, and artifacts.Development toolsGitHubActionsContinuous integrationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-actions-ci-configuration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-actions-ci-configuration/Design CI from local quality checks and connect stable check statuses to repository merge rules.Development toolsGitHubActionsContinuous integrationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-actions-security-debugging/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-actions-security-debugging/Locate CI risks and failures across event, permission, credential, runner, and supply-chain boundaries.Development toolsGitHubActionsSecurityhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-nix-ci-example/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/github-nix-ci-example/Use a teaching example with six theme outputs to distinguish Nix evaluation, builds, Actions records, and desktop runtime evidence.Development toolsGitHubActionsContinuous integrationNixhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-fundamentals/Understand container startup through the client, API, containerd, and OCI runtime.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-basic-usage/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-basic-usage/Learn common flags and distinguish the effects of running, stopping, and deleting resources.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-build/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-build/Organize image recipes around entry commands, multi-stage builds, and cache optimization.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-compose/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-compose/Manage single-host applications with services, dependencies, profiles, watch, and secrets.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-networking-storage/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-networking-storage/Choose network modes and persistence methods, with clear port-exposure and data-lifecycle boundaries.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-production/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-production/Check container operating conditions through limits, logs, updates, credentials, and backups.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-nixos-management/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-nixos-management/Organize engine settings, container definitions, and credential inputs with system modules.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-swarm/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/docker-swarm/Understand stacks, overlay networks, and rolling updates, and check Compose compatibility boundaries.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/container-engine-relationship/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/container-engine-relationship/Compare engine control models, permissions, and ecosystems to choose tools by workload.Containers and infrastructureContainersDockerPodmanhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-fundamentals/Understand Podman's architecture and permission model through containers, images, and OCI runtimes.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-basic-usage/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-basic-usage/Learn commands for installation, images, containers, volumes, networks, and everyday maintenance.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-rootless-configuration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-rootless-configuration/Build on the existing permission-boundaries article with administrator configuration and rootless environment requirements.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-pods-kubernetes/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-pods-kubernetes/Organize local containers that share networking, and check the scope of Kubernetes manifest imports and exports.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-quadlet-multi-service/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-quadlet-multi-service/Add a complete dependency template for Pod, database, API, and proxy resources.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-compose-interoperability/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-compose-interoperability/Separate the responsibilities of Compose implementations, the Podman wrapper, and the compatible API socket.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-nixos-management/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-nixos-management/Declare container runtime environments through system modules, Home Manager, or quadlet-nix.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainersNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-advanced-operations/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/podman-advanced-operations/Manage resources, health, image toolchains, logs, and storage cleanup.Containers and infrastructurePodmanContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-fundamentals/Understand which resources are shared by default and the boundaries provided by rootless operation, images, and containers.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-installation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-installation/Build a working container environment layer by layer, from the backend and UID mappings to first entry.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-lifecycle/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-lifecycle/Use complete commands to manage creation, entry, upgrades, deletion, and temporary userspaces.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-integration-workflows/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-integration-workflows/Handle app/bin export verification and the separate lifecycle of init services independently.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-advanced-workflows/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-advanced-workflows/Cover assemble, GPUs, multi-container collaboration, and platform-specific practices while distinguishing manifests from service-management contracts.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-on-nixos/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-on-nixos/Configure a rootless backend on a declarative host and diagnose boundaries between Nix profiles, graphics, and traditional userspaces.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-backup/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-backup/Preserve the guest environment in three complementary ways and clarify separate recovery responsibilities for shared directories and application data.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-internals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/distrobox-internals/Use real path diagnostics to explain the different origins of same-named tools, shared configuration, and Nix binaries.Containers and infrastructureLinuxContainersDistroboxhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-fundamentals/Build a foundation for understanding the management stack, from hardware virtualization and the KVM API to QEMU's device model.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-installation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-installation/Check host capabilities, distribution components, management authorization, and the actual default-network state one by one.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-libvirt-virsh/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-libvirt-virsh/Retain command categories and XML parameters while distinguishing persistent definitions, running instances, snapshots, and offline backups.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-virt-manager/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-virt-manager/Map the GUI creation wizard, device settings, and remote display to actual domain configuration and authentication requirements.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-advanced-features/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-advanced-features/Explain advanced parameters and document compatibility and recovery requirements for passthrough, image changes, and shared directories.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-nixos-host/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-nixos-host/Configure libvirt through version-pinned module interfaces while managing networking, firmware, and VM runtime state outside the configuration.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationNixOShttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-frontends/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/kvm-frontends/Compare desktop, web, and automation tools, distinguishing libvirt frontends, independent platforms, and offline image building.Containers and infrastructureLinuxKVMVirtualizationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-architecture/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-architecture/Understand Waydroid through container management, user sessions, and Android services.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-installation/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-installation/Check Wayland, kernel, and graphics requirements, then install images and verify startup layer by layer.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-nixos/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-nixos/Use actual module source code to distinguish system declarations, Android images, and user runtime state.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-gpu/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-gpu/Diagnose rendering issues through DRM nodes, Android graphics properties, and compositor interactions.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-network-security/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-network-security/Troubleshoot container networking step by step through veth, bridges, DHCP, DNS, and firewalls.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-configuration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-configuration/Adjust windows, input, and translation to application needs while keeping configuration records that allow rollback.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-troubleshooting/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-troubleshooting/Locate failures using evidence from the kernel, container, network, graphics, and application layers.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-practical-tips/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/waydroid-practical-tips/Retain Ivon's practical tips and operational details, with notes on historical versions and compatibility boundaries.Containers and infrastructureLinuxWaydroidContainershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-fundamentals/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-fundamentals/Understand Wine's DLLs, prefixes, configuration, and runtime boundaries through Windows API compatibility.Development toolsWineLinuxCompatibility layershttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-proton-gaming/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-proton-gaming/Distinguish Steam, official Proton, GE, and umu, and manage runners and prefixes per game.Development toolsProtonGamingWinehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-bottles-manager/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-bottles-manager/Maintain dependencies, prefixes, and restore points through the manager while checking actual Flatpak permissions.Development toolsBottlesFlatpakWinehttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-proton-bottles-relationships/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-proton-bottles-relationships/Use the technical lineage, layered model, and scenario matrix to distinguish the responsibilities of compatibility engines and managers.Development toolsWineProtonBottleshttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-nixos-management/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-nixos-management/Manage pinned software, Steam tool registration, Flatpak runtimes, and mutable prefixes as separate layers.Development toolsNixOSWineGaminghttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-proton-troubleshooting/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-proton-troubleshooting/Build a verifiable diagnostic process across the graphics stack, prefixes, media, audio, and logs.Development toolsWineProtonTroubleshootinghttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-advanced-configuration/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/wine-advanced-configuration/Use environment variables, DLLs, the registry, multiple GPUs, HDR, and performance parameters according to component and version.Development toolsWineProtonConfigurationhttps://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/umu-wine-proton-runners/https://shangshui0302.github.io/en/writing/umu-wine-proton-runners/From running Proton outside Steam to choosing Soda, ProtoSoda, GE-Proton and other runners.Development toolsWineProtonBottlesGamingNixOSCompatibility layers